杀虫(chong)灯对食用菌虫(chong)害的防治效果(guo)

食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)会吃掉菌(jun)(jun)丝和子实体(ti)，为此(ci)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)防治一(yi)直是(shi)广(guang)大(da)(da)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)从业者关注的(de)(de)话题。如果虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)发生过多，食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)产(chan)品的(de)(de)质量也明(ming)显地(di)下降。为让广(guang)大(da)(da)消(xiao)费(fei)者吃到(dao)(dao)绿色(se)安全(quan)的(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)产(chan)品，需要选择物(wu)理的(de)(de)防虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)方(fang)式(shi)，因(yin)此(ci)近年来食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)杀(sha)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)成了(le)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)防治的(de)(de)新方(fang)法，并在食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)栽培(pei)一(yi)线得到(dao)(dao)广(guang)泛应(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，市场反响良(liang)好。笔者就(jiu)杀(sha)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)机理、怎样合理的(de)(de)把(ba)杀(sha)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)安装到(dao)(dao)菇(gu)棚中、怎样合理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)杀(sha)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)才能有效的(de)(de)防治食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)以及(ji)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)害(hai)(hai)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)预防等(deng)几大(da)(da)方(fang)面(mian)进行了(le)详细的(de)(de)阐述，以便引(yin)导广(guang)大(da)(da)菇(gu)农(nong)正确应(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

杀虫(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)诱杀害(hai)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)属于物理(li)(li)防治，主要是(shi)利(li)用科学(xue)的(de)光源和特(te)质(zhi)的(de)灯(deng)管，给双翅目(mu)的(de)菇蚊(wen)设计了一个(ge)陷阱，通过发射特(te)殊波段，在(zai)特(te)定(ding)振动频率范围(wei)内(nei)吸引成虫(chong)(chong)(chong)主动前(qian)(qian)往。目(mu)前(qian)(qian)杀虫(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)主要有(you)两大类(lei)(lei)：一类(lei)(lei)是(shi)高压(ya)电击(ji)杀虫(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng)，菇蚊(wen)经过触电死亡后粘在(zai)灯(deng)的(de)周围(wei)，虫(chong)(chong)(chong)口密度大时死虫(chong)(chong)(chong)甚至粘满整个(ge)灯(deng)，所以使用寿(shou)命和防治效果会大大地(di)减弱;另一类(lei)(lei)是(shi)利(li)用害(hai)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)趋(qu)光性的(de)原理(li)(li)(如“金(jin)池”杀虫(chong)(chong)(chong)灯(deng))，在(zai)灯(deng)的(de)下(xia)方配置有(you)下(xia)吸装置，利(li)用旋转风扇吸蚊(wen)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)到网兜里，确保蚊(wen)虫(chong)(chong)(chong)捕捉万无一失，安全性好，能(neng)耗低。缺点是(shi)，捕杀到的(de)成虫(chong)(chong)(chong)都(dou)是(shi)活虫(chong)(chong)(chong)，要每(mei)天(tian)及时清(qing)理(li)(li)，以防再次飞走。

杀虫灯要(yao)在开始做菌(jun)种(zhong)时(shi)就要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)，这(zhei)样可杜绝菌(jun)种(zhong)带(dai)虫，防止因菌(jun)种(zhong)带(dai)虫而传播(bo)到栽培的(de)各(ge)个环节。发菌(jun)期(qi)害虫的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)决(jue)定发菌(jun)的(de)成功率及发菌(jun)的(de)质量(liang)，这(zhei)在实(shi)际生产中是至关重要(yao)。